Heat oil in large, heavy frying pan and saute onions and garlic until lightly browned. Add ginger, fry another minute or two, then transfer mixture to a large bowl. Add chicken. Grind together the cardamom, cloves, peppercorns, dried coriander, cumin and poppy seeds. Blend with lemon juice, garam marsala, cayenne, salt, tomato paste, by leaves and yogurt. Stir mixture into vegetable and chicken mixture, cover and refrigerate for several hours. Using a large, heavy frying pan, cook mixture, covered, over low heat for 10 15 minutes, stirring often. From The Gazette

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